funded by:
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*** ITTATC has reached the end of its 5-year grant, so (as of 5/15/06) this website is no longer being updated. Please be advised that the information on this site may be out of date. ***
January 1, 2003
The Information Technology Technical Assistance &
Training Center
ACCESS E and IT NEWS
***Promoting Accessible IT & Telecommunications***
|
January 13, 2003 (Vol 3, Issue, 3)
In This Issue:
UPCOMING EVENTS
- GSA to Conduct Trainings Nationwide
in 2003
- GSA to Promote AT through monthly
presentations by AT Vendors
- GSA Expo 2003
- Accessibility Forum 2003
- ATIA 2003
- TTY and VoIP: Critical Steps for
Implementation
- FOSE Expo and GCN Management Conference
@ FOSE
- Training: Creating Accessible Websites
- ITTATC Releases Toolkit
- ITTATC to invite Trainers to Network
- ITTATC to present at CSUN
- ITTATC to present at Telephony
Voice Interface Conference in San Diego
PAST EVENTS
- Web Seminars at Your Desk
ARTICLES
- World Wide Web Consortium Issues
User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 as a W3C Recommendation
- NFB Nonvisual Accessibility Web
Certification
- An Introduction to Accessible Web
Design
- Designing Web Pages for Accessibility
- Voluntary National Standard for
Accessible Digital Instructional Materials to be Developed
- Macromedia Director MX Contains
Unprecedented Accessibility Support
- Voice Mouse Turns Silent Computer
Screens into "Talkies"
- Verizon Grant Aids Literacy for
the Blind
- Mitsubishi Electric America Foundation
Announces $600,000 in Grant Awards for Youth with Disabilities
- Development of Human Language
Technologies
- Berlitz Talks on Mobile Phones
NOTABLE CASES:/
LEGISLATION
- E-Government Act of 2002
FOR YOUR ACTION
- FCC
- Consumer & Governmental Affairs
Bureau Announces an Extension of Time to File Reply Comments on the Telephone
Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) Rules
- Request for Exemptions from FCC's
Closed Captioning Rules
- FCC Announces Rechartering of Consumer
Advisory Committee (CAC)
RESOURCES
- Section 508 Awareness CD
- Links to Federal Agency Public
URL's on Section 508 Guidance
- Panasonic Feature Helps People
Who Are Blind Or Visually Impaired Enjoy Television Programs
- Panasonic Introduces more Accessibility
Features in its 2003 Cordless Telephone Line
- Tech Almanac
1.GSA TO CONDUCT TRAININGS
NATIONWIDE IN 2003
The General Services Administration (GSA) will conduct training
sessions across the U.S. in 2003. The training is for new GSA Associates, and
will include, among other things, GSA work on 508. The first four GSA regions
that will receive the training are: Atlanta, Denver, San Francisco and Chicago.
The trainings will take place in the first quarter of 2003--in February, 2003.
Brochures on Section 508 are included in the orientation packets for all new
GSA hires across the U.S.
Please check the website to find out dates/times for more
information http://www.section508.gov/.
2. GSA to Promote AT through
monthly presentations by AT Vendors
GSA will start monthly Vendor presentations, starting with
those vendors on the GSA schedule. The first training is scheduled for the week
of December 9, 2002. The training will be held in the GSA Accessible Technology
Center [AT Center] at GSA main building on F Street in downtown DC. Each month,
one vendor will give presentations on how their product(s)helps a particular
disability.
The purpose of this training is to give the vendors a chance to showcase their
newest, hottest tech products. They will focus on a different disability every
month, and explain how the technology of that month's showcased vendor helps
or provides accommodation for that disability. These presentations are open
to interested parties, including members of the general public.
For more information, please check the website to find out dates/times for more
information http://www.section508.gov/
or you may contact Marilyn Estep, GSA Center for IT Accommodation, at 202-501-3322;
marilyn.estep@gsa.gov.
3.GSA EXPO 2003
Harry B. Gonzalez Convention Center
San Antonio, TX
May 6-8, 2003
http://www.gsa.gov/Portal/content/event_content.jsp?contentOID=120371&contentType=1001
This is GSA's biggest customer outreach event of the year!
Admission is FREE to all federal and military personnel. This is a combined
Training Conference and Product Expo. There will be over 100 hours of training
courses. Some examples of courses include: GSA Advantage! (Basic and Advanced),
Awarding and Administering MAS Orders, e-Buy, Security Solutions, and Transportation
Audits. The Expo will include a large exhibit area that will also showcase the
products and services of over 700 commercial companies, all with GSA contracts.
FEDERAL CUSTOMERS: The Expo Web site is now open. Access the
URL to get all the details on the Expo, including the three-day schedule, and
to register. Lodging arrangements, at per diem, and conference rates in San
Antonio are also included.
GSA COMMERCIAL PARTNERS: Booth sales are now open. You must
have a current GSA contract in order to exhibit. Non-exhibiting vendors may
attend, but there is a fee. Details are provided under the exhibitor tab on
the Expo site.
To receive a booth application, contact the business development office in the
GSA acquisition center where your contract is administered, or you can send
an e-mail to jovita.williams@gsa.gov,
and include your GSA contract number.
4. ACCESSIBILITY FORUM 2003
Cupertino, CA
February 24-26, 2003
http://www.accessibilityforum.org/meetings/feb2003/announcement.html
Announcing the Accessibility Forum meeting hosted by Apple
Corporation in Cupertino, California, February 24 - 26, 2003. As we have for
past meetings, we expect to broadcast plenary sessions via Webcast. We will
begin first thing Monday morning and conclude at the end of the day Wednesday.
There is no registration fee to attend this conference.
For more information contact Accessibility Forum staff at 843-760-3310 or forumstaff@aticorp.org.
5. ATIA 2003
Radisson Hotel Orlando
Orlando, Florida
January 15-18, 2003
http://www.atia.org
ATIA 2003 serves as a leading forum for the Assistive Technology
community to participate in presentations and discussions about new technology,
practical applications, and services. Segments of the Assistive Technology industry
(Augmentative and Alternative Communication; Blindness; Computer Access; Curriculum
Adaptations; Deaf and Hard of Hearing; Electronic Aids to Daily Living; Games
and Recreation; Learning Disabilities/Study Aids/Literacy; Low Vision; and Mechanical
Accessories and Mounting Devices) will be represented in various presentations,
demonstrations and/or exhibits. In addition, a hands-on lab will provide an
opportunity to experiment with and evaluate the latest assistive technology
devices and software available.
ATIA 2003 is for ANYONE in the Assistive Technology Community. At ATIA You Will
Learn About Practical applications and uses of the current products, software
and technology as they apply to areas such as Section 508, E&IT/Accessibility
and Interoperability.
6. TTY AND VOIP: CRITICAL
STEPS FOR IMPLEMENTATION
Live Web Conference
January 13, 2002
1:30 PM - 3:30 PM EST
www.atis.org
During this live web conference, Industry experts will focus
on the critical technical issues surrounding the migration of Text Telephone
(TTY) applications over Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) networks. This program
will address industry concerns surrounding the compatibility of the two technologies;
the legal requirements for TTY use for Local Exchange Carriers (LECs), Competitive
Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) and Internet Service Providers (ISPs); and the
challenges Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) are addressing; the possible
scenarios where VoIP may affect a TTY call and the critical next steps for the
communications industry.
To register, visit http://www.atis.org
or contact Jim Willits at jwillits@atis.org.
7. FOSE EXPO AND GCN MANAGEMENT
CONFERENCE @ FOSE
http://www.fose.com/
Date of Event: April 8-10, 2003
Location: New Washington Convention Center, Washington, DC
FOSE is the largest information technology exposition serving
the government marketplace. Now in its 27th year, FOSE hosts over 400 exhibitors
showcasing the newest and most exciting integrated IT products and services.
FOSE draws thousands of high-level attendees from the military, civilian, state
and local agencies, along with suppliers to government, corporate, education,
and healthcare buyers.
Why you should ATTEND FOSE 2003: - Interact with 400 top technology vendors such as Adobe, Apple, Dell, CDWG,
GTSI, Hewlett-Packard, Microsoft, MicroWarehouse, Research in Motion, Verizon
and more!
- Meet technology professionals who can answer all your technology questions
- Experience a hands-on opportunity to evaluate the best new IT products available
- Discover solutions to a specific mission-critical objective
- Learn about E-government, Homeland Security, Enterprise Architecture and
more from industry professionals and technology leaders
- Expand your knowledge by attending FREE Educational Seminars given by Adobe
and Microsoft
- Find the products and services needed to meet your organizational goals-E-government,
Homeland Security, to Infrastructure, Enterprise Architecture, and CRM…
- Network with government peers and leaders from the public sector.
8. TRAINING: CREATING ACCESSIBLE
WEBSITES
Education Leadership Team - New Media Center training
http://www.newmedia.gatech.edu/
Access the following URL to learn more about each of the offerings listed below,
as well as how to register: http://www.newmedia.gatech.edu/schedule.htm.
- Web Accessibility: Policy and Practice (1 Day)
Next Offering: 1/15/03, 3/12/03, 6/4/03
Description:
Policy and Practice explores the fundamental issues of accessible Web design.
We will examine the legal ramifications of non-compliance, Section 508 standards,
validation of Web compliance, and much more. We will explore how to succeed
(and fail) with Section 508.
Training Objectives:
Upon completion of this course the student should have a thorough understanding
of:
- Legal Ramifications or non-compliance
- Disability Statistics
- Section 508 & W3C Web Standards
- Types of Assistive Technology
- Retrofitting an Existing site for 508 Compliance
- Accessibility Efforts - Content vs. Cost
- Validating Web Sites
- Meshing Form & Content for Success
- Web Accessibility: Basic Techniques (1 Day)
Next Offering: 1/16/03, 3/13/03, 6/5/03
Description:
Basic Techniques l applies essential processes for creating new accessible
sites and retrofitting old ones. Hands on examples will reinforce learning
of the primary techniques for accessible design.
Training Objectives:
Upon completion of this course the student should have a thorough understanding
of:
- Accessibility considerations
- Retrofitting for 508 compliance
- Separating content from structure
- Dreamweaver’s built-in accessibility tools
- Alternative content for graphics and media
- Color & contrast
- Image maps
- HTML markup specifics
- Cascading style sheets
- Library items in Dreamweaver
- Testing for accessibility
- Web Accessibility: Advanced Techniques (1 Day)
Next Offering: 1/17/03, 3/14/03, 6/6/03
Description:
Advanced Techniques teaches a design repertoire using advanced markup, cascading
style sheets, audio and multimedia and more.
Training Objectives:
Upon completion of this course the student should have a thorough understanding
of:
- Advanced html markup for frames, tables & more
- Keyboard short cuts & hot keys
- Scripts
- Advanced design practices & guidelines
- Cascading Style Sheets - basic, positioning, grouping, custom classes,
scripting interactivity
- Forms
- Audio, Video & Multimedia (Including: Macromedia Flash, Scripts, Plug-Ins
& Applets, Adobe Acrobat 5.0 & more)
- Browser compliance & cross-compatibility
- Access board’s 16 standards for web access
9. ITTATC Releases Toolkit
ITTATC released its first version of a Toolkit for presenters
to use when making presentations to general audiences about accessibility and
E&IT. Sections include Implications of E&IT with disability, Accessible E&IT
and the Law, an Overview of Section 508, Overview of Section 255, Disability
Awareness and E&IT Barriers, Using Magpie, and Resource references. Additional
tools will be added to subsequent releases.
This is a deliverable ITTATC has created for DBTACs, but it is available to
other trainers or interested parties. If you would like to order your own copy
of the Toolkit, please contact us at 866-948-8282 (v/tty).
10. ITTATC to invite Trainers
to Network
ITTATC is inviting trainers across the country to join its
new training network to reach audiences across the country r.e. accessible E&IT.
ITTATC will reimburse trainers to attend a training orientation and will provide
materials to them for their training events.
If you or someone you know would be interested, please contact Liz Marable at
ITTATC, Liz.marable@ittatc.org,
or call 866-948-8282 (v/tty).
11. ITTATC to present at
CSUN
ITTATC will introduce the ITTATC Training Program being developed
by ITTATC. The presentation will be held at 8a.m. on March 22nd. Please consult
the CSUN conference schedule for location. For more details, call ITTATC at
866-948-8282 (v/tty).
12. ITTATC to present at
Telephony Voice User Interface Conference in Scottsdale
“Serving the next 10% of your callers”
Many people with disabilities bump up against barriers of telephony users interfaces
(TUIs). Designers, developers, and platform companies have two reasons to improve
accessibility. First, the percentage of people with disabilities is increasing
as the population ages and accessibility is mostly a subset of good usability.
Second, new federal regulations require accessibility. This presentation will
introduce you to the knowledge you need to make progress efficiently. You will
learn what the disability categories are, how TUIs create unnecessary barriers,
how Section 255 and Section 508 regulations affect you, and what your technical
options are. For more information, http://www.kprinc.com/2001/pr037.htm.
Back to top
1. WEB SEMINARS AT YOUR DESK
http://www.watchfire.com/news/seminararchives.asp
The following is a list of recordings of previously held
seminars. These seminars are best experienced if you have a soundcard on your
computer. Some seminars contain actual technology demonstrations, with voice
commentary, that have not been captured by the recording technology. At these
points simply skip to the next slide. Below is a sample of available seminars.
Access the URL to link to any of these seminars and preview the full list.
- An Introduction to WebQA for Bobby Customers
WebQA is a website quality testing tool designed for small, medium, and departmental
websites. WebQA assists with quality assurance by scanning and analyzing web
content and producing detailed reports to help developers and quality assurance
professionals pinpoint and fix content and interaction defects.
WebQA scans your site and checks for more than 30 website problems and then
generates reports on the following topics:
- Content defects (like broken links)
- Usability
- Search engine effectiveness
- Site inventory
- Site maintenance
- Corporate standards
- Web accessibility!
- What's New in WebXM 2.0
WebXM, Watchfire's enterprise Website Management Solution, scans the largest
and most complex web environments while analyzing the broadest set of site-related
issues. Its content testing, analysis, and reporting capabilities enable organizations
to identify quality, privacy, and accessibility issues across all web properties.
WebXM 2.0 introduces a standalone web accessibility module designed to help
organizations test their site's level of standards compliance, including the
U.S. Government's Section 508 and the World Wide Web Consortium's (W3C) Web
Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). This release also introduces integration
with leading content management systems through a new Web Service interface,
and a fully documented Software Development Kit (SDK). Already able to scan
and test websites with millions of pages, enhancements made to WebXM 2.0 further
improve the product's enterprise performance and scalability.
- WebQA 2.0 - What's New
WebQA is a website quality testing tool designed for small to medium sized websites
or departmental sites that require a content testing solution for individual
developers or quality assurance engineers. Integrating the accessibility capabilities
of Watchfire’s standalone website accessibility tool, Bobby, WebQA now includes
the ability to scan for over 91 comprehensive accessibility checks, and tests
for compliance with government standards, including the U.S. Government's Section
508.
- Website Accessibility - Not Just a Government Issue
This online seminar shows how we can help make your website accessibility-compliant.
- Watchfire and Ripple Effects Interactive - Accessible Website Design
Watchfire and Ripple Effects show how to make your website accessible without
eliminating creativity, diluting your brand identity, or jeopardizing the significant
investment you have made in your current web properties.
Back to top
1. WORLD WIDE WEB CONSORTIUM
ISSUES USER AGENT ACCESSIBILITY GUIDELINES 1.0 AS A W3C RECOMMENDATION
December 17, 2002
http://www.w3.org/2002/12/uaag10-pressrelease
The User Agent Accessibility Guidelines themselves are at:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-UAAG10-20021217/.
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has issued the User Agent Accessibility
Guidelines 1.0 (UAAG 1.0) as a W3C Recommendation, representing consensus among
developers and the disability community on accessibility features needed in
browsers and multimedia players used to access the Web. A W3C Recommendation
indicates that a specification is stable, contributes to Web interoperability,
and has been reviewed by the W3C Membership, who favor its widespread adoption.
"Web browsers and media players serve people as the front door to the Web. But
when those tools aren't usable by people with disabilities, it's akin to locking
the door and leaving no key," noted Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director. "For the
past five years, the technical and disability experts in the Web Accessibility
Initiative have provided definitive guidelines for making accessible Web content
and designing authoring software that does the same, automatically. With the
announcement of the User Agent Accessibility Guidelines, developers have the
specific guidance they need to make Web browsers and media players more useful
to more people."
The Web has created unprecedented opportunities for people around the world
to learn, work, shop, play, and communicate with others; and even more so for
people with disabilities, who have frequently been excluded from many of these
activities. Access to the Web for people with disabilities, however, presumes
that Web developers choose accessible design over inaccessible design; these
guidelines explain how to make accessible design choices when developing browsers
and media players.
UAAG 1.0 is written for software developers, and addresses requirements such
as accessibility of the user interface, rendering of accessibility information,
and user choice in configuring browsers and media players. These guidelines
also address interoperability of mainstream browsers and multimedia players
with assistive technologies used by people with disabilities. UAAG 1.0 is third
in a complementary set of Web accessibility guidelines which already include
the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 (WCAG 1.0) and the Authoring Tool
Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 (ATAG 1.0).
2. NFB NONVISUAL ACCESSIBILITY
WEB CERTIFICATON
The National Federation of the Blind (NFB) has recognized
the Maryland Department of General Services (DGS) as the first state agency
in the nation to receive NFB's "Nonvisual Accessibility Web Certification"
December 9, 2002
http://www.dgs.state.md.us/press/2002/120902.htm
Dr. Marc Maurer, NFB President, praised DGS and Secretary Peta N. Richkus for
"anticipating the accessibility needs of all blind people working in occupations
where they will be doing business with the State." Maurer presented Secretary
Richkus with the NFB's Accessibility Leadership Award in recognition of what
he called "her exemplary commitment to information access for blind Marylanders."
"DGS is proud to be the first State agency in the nation to win NFB certification,"
said Secretary Richkus. "This certification shows DGS stands behind blind Marylanders'
- in fact, blind Americans' - right to full and active participation on the
Internet. We will continue to use information technology to make government
services available to all our citizens 24/7."
The NFB certification program certifies Web sites and applications as accessible
to blind people when using talking screen access technology. Certification indicates
that the site meets technical specifications of accessibility and allows blind
users to perform all functions on the site. More importantly, certifications
means usability of the site by the blind is equivalent to usability by the sighted.
For more information about the Certification program http://www.nfb.org/seal/intro.htm.
3. AN INTRODUCTION TO ACCESSIBLE
WEB DESIGN
SitePoint Tribune #223 HTML Newsletters
December 2, 2002
By Nigel Peck
http://www.webmasterbase.com/article.php/952
Accessibility in Web design addresses the issue of creating
Websites that are accessible to all users, regardless of physical ability or
the way in which they use the Internet.
This article discusses the concepts surrounding accessible Web Design, the current
initiatives to increase the accessibility of Websites, and the guidelines that
you can use to make your site more accessible.
4. DESIGNING WEB PAGES FOR
ACCESSIBILITY
December 2, 2002
By William Matthews
http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2002/1202/mgt-access-12-02-02.asp
Jakob Nielsen is trying to get web designers to make web
pages accessible by making it easier for people to do the right thing. This
is the idea behind new software Nielsen of Nielsen Norman Group has created
with accessibility experts at UsableNet.
Nielsen, who urged government Web designers not to build Web sites around a
picture of the agency secretary, but instead to concentrate on making agency
information and transactions easy for people to find and use, now wants designers
to focus on designing pages everyone can use, even people with disabilities.
To make it easier to design accessible web pages, Nielsen and UsableNet have
created LIFT-Nielsen Norman Group edition, a new version of UsableNet's Web
designing LIFT software. The software is an extension to Macromedia Inc.'s Dreamweaver.
The new software incorporates accessibility into Web page design so that as
designers are creating pages, the software reminds them of accessibility rules,
alerts them to accessibility mistakes and offers suggestions for making corrections.
"There's a large number of things you've got to remember" when creating an accessible
Web page, Nielsen said. The new version of LIFT does the remembering for the
designer.
Still, this is not a fully automated solution, according to the Nielsen Norman
Group. Only humans can judge whether a design has a usability problem, the company
says on its Web site. Nielsen's entry into the accessibility arena is encouraging,
said Doug Wakefield, access specialist and an Internet expert for the U.S. Access
Board, which oversees accessibility.
Although Section 508's accessibility requirements apply only to federal executive
branch agencies, Nielsen's usability work has had a much broader impact. Nielsen's
involvement could help push accessibility into the mainstream, said Beth Archibald,
a Web usability expert.
5. VOLUNTARY NATIONAL STANDARD
FOR ACCESSIBLE DIGITAL INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS TO BE DEVELOPED
Source: U.S. Department of Education
November 18, 2002
http://www.distance-educator.com/dnews/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=7970
National File Format Initiative:
http://www.cast.org/ncac/NationalFileFormat3138.cfm
The U.S. Department of Education has awarded $199,911 to the National Center
on Accessing the General Curriculum (NCAC) at the Center for Applied Special
Technology (CAST) in Wakefield, Mass., to develop a voluntary national file
format for the electronic transmission of instructional materials for students
who are blind and students with other disabilities.
The creation of a standard file format is of significant importance to students,
educators, publishers, technology specialists and advocacy groups, according
to Robert H. Pasternack, assistant secretary for special education and rehabilitative
services.
"It is critical for a uniform format to be established in order to coordinate
the efforts of various groups interested in providing accessible instructional
materials to states, schools, educators, and students," Pasternack said. "Since
there is not yet agreement regarding the optimal file format standard for all
students, a national voluntary standard would provide a baseline for future
development and enhancements."
CAST, in consultation with the National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) at the Department of Commerce, will convene an advisory panel of publishers,
disability advocates, assistive technology developers, producers of curriculum
materials for students with disabilities, data transformation experts and state
representatives.
The panel will develop recommendations for a set of technical specifications
for accessible instructional materials, a timeline for the implementation of
the proposed standard, and a process for assessing the success of standards
implementation. The secretary will provide an opportunity for public comment
on the proposed standard through a notice in the Federal Register.
The project is intended to improve access to the general education curriculum
in a timely manner for students with disabilities. It is particularly important
to students who are blind or print disabled and in need of textbooks in Braille
or other alternative formats.
Funds for the project will come from the Office of Special Education Programs
within Pasternack's Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services.
6. MACROMEDIA DIRECTOR MX CONTAINS
UNPRECEDENTED ACCESSIBILITY SUPPORT
Macromedia Inc. News
November 25, 2002
http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/021125/sfm039_1.html
Macromedia Inc. News announced unprecedented accessibility
support in Macromedia Director MX. Director MX contains features that simplify
the process of creating new or repurposing existing applications to adhere to
government accessibility guidelines and industry standards.
Accessibility leaders and developers praised the accessibility strides made
by Macromedia Director MX. Director MX enables developers to create self-voicing
applications that don't require assistive technologies such as screen readers.
In addition, easy to use drag-and-drop accessibility behaviors can control speech
and tab ordering, and enable captioning of spoken words.
"With the availability of Macromedia Director MX, all of the Macromedia MX authoring
tools will support accessibility to ensure rich applications and content created
with our software are accessible to people with disabilities," said Bob Regan,
accessibility product manager, Macromedia. "We are proud of the work we have
done with community leaders to ensure the development of accessible content
is practical, given that the need for this content is so crucial."
7. VOICE MOUSE TURNS SILENT
COMPUTER SCREENS INTO "TALKIES"
News Factor
November 19, 2002
http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/nf/20021119/tc_nf/20022
Seventy-odd years after Mickey -- the world's first mouse
with a voice -- made his debut in "Steamboat Willie," an Israeli-American technology
firm has introduced the world's first "voice mouse." The new hands-free navigation
tool promises to turn the last silent screens on the planet, computer monitors,
into "talkies" that respond to the spoken word.
Designed to enhance the accessibility of the most important communications tool
in a generation, the personal computer, the Commodio QPointer HandsFree enables
users to voice-navigate the Internet, write and send e-mail, create and edit
documents, and navigate the entire Windows environment. Users "touch any object
on a computer screen by voice, similarly to the way a person uses a mouse,"
said Commodio president Ramy Metzger.
Powered by a Microsoft speech recognition engine and Commodio's proprietary
technology, the QPointer allows users to point at screen objects by saying the
names of words or toolbar buttons.
With the cursor in position, users voice mouse commands, such as "double-click,"
or "right-click." Individuals with limited use of arms or hands can operate
a computer using the QPointer -- and they represent a growing market Commodio
wants to accommodate, chief technology officer Leonid Brailovsky told NewsFactor.
"We found that there exists an accessibility gap. New populations, such as disabled
and senior people, are entering the circle of computer users, and there are
no adequate means for them to access the computer," Brailovsky explained.
8. VERIZON GRANT AIDS LITERACY
FOR THE BLIND
http://www.verizonreads.net/partners/afb.asp
In the fall of 2002, with the support of Verizon, the American
Foundation for the Blind kicked off the National Campaign for Literacy, Textbooks,
Transcribers and Technology to promote the new career of Braille Textbook Transcriber.
The career is a community college-certified profession that can be performed
from virtually anywhere computer access is available.
Verizon is providing major funding for the three-year campaign with a grant
from the Verizon Foundation. The campaign will help ensure that blind or visually
impaired schoolchildren receive their textbooks at the same time as their sighted
peers. Erik Weihenmayer, the first blind person to summit the world's seven
tallest peaks, including Mt. Everest, has joined Verizon as the Literacy Champion
for this campaign.
9. MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC AMERICA
FOUNDATION ANNOUNCES $600,000 IN GRANT AWARDS FOR YOUTH WITH DISABILITIES
November 20, 2002
http://www.meaf.org/pressrel.html
The Mitsubishi Electric America Foundation announced $496,000
in national "Starfish" grants to nine projects across the United States serving
young people with disabilities. An additional $100,000 will be given in matching
grants and matching gifts to organizations selected by Mitsubishi Electric US
employees in the communities where they live and work. The Mitsubishi Electric
America Foundation is dedicated to helping young people with disabilities, through
technology, to maximize their potential and fully participate in society.
In carrying out this mission, the Foundation provides three types of grants:
Starfish Grants for programs of national scope and impact, or for model projects
that can be replicated at multiple sites; Matching Grants that supplement cash,
products and employee volunteer time donated by Mitsubishi Electric US employees
in their communities; and Starfish Matches that match individual employee donations
to charitable organizations.
The new grants focus on using technology for employment training and placement.
One new grant supports Project Search, which incorporates personal digital assistants
in training young people with cognitive disabilities for competitive employment.
Another new grant, Tech Mentoring Coast to Coast, funds a joint electronic mentoring
project between two nonprofits that will prepare young people with disabilities
for careers in the information technology field.
A number of the grants continue support for ongoing projects that apply emerging
technologies to the needs of young people with disabilities. One grant will
support the expansion of a project at Gallaudet University that is piloting
the extensive use of visual technologies in teaching deaf students. Another
provides a third year of funding for the Pitt Crew Robot Project conducted by
the Tech-Link Program in Pittsburgh, which helps high school students with disabilities
to develop high-level design and engineering skills. Several grants - including
the Starfish Troops project of the Girl Scout Council of the Nation's Capital
and the Congressional Internship Program of the American Association of People
with Disabilities - promote individual achievement and leadership development
among youth with disabilities.
"Technology is an important tool for everyone," says Rayna Aylward, executive
director of the Mitsubishi Electric America Foundation. "But for young people
with disabilities, it can be a lifeline. We are proud to support these outstanding
organizations in their efforts to extend that lifeline to youth across the country."
The Mitsubishi Electric America Foundation, based in the Washington, DC area,
was established in February 1991 by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation of Japan
and the Mitsubishi Electric US Group Holdings, which produce, sell and distribute
a wide range of consumer, industrial, commercial and professional electronics
products. With a current endowment of $18 million, the Foundation has contributed
nearly $5 million to organizations assisting young Americans with disabilities
to lead fuller and more productive lives.
For a detailed list of recipients, access: http://www.meaf.org/pressrel.html#new.
10. DEVOLOPMENT OF HUMAN LANGUAGE
TECHNOLOGIES
http://www.fasil.co.uk/fasil.htm
The European Commission has awarded a multi-million Euro
research grant - one of its largest ever - to a group of academics, technology
companies and sensory impairment charities to design a 'virtual personal assistant'
accessible to everyone with a mobile phone. The 'FASiL' project ('Flexible and
adaptive spoken language and multi-modal interface' is to receive 3.5 million
Euros from the commission over two years, with a further 2.9 million Euros to
be provided by the research group members. The consortium is led by UK language
technology company Vox Generation along with fellow language specialist SpeechWorks;
Portugal Telecom; consultancy Cap Gemini Ernst & Young; the MIT Media Lab research
organisation; and charities RNIB and RNID.
At the end of two years the group hopes to have developed a prototype system
allowing people to access email, voicemail, calendar and address book functions
over a mobile phone using either natural everyday speech or visual cues alone.
According to Keith Gladstone, head of technology research at the RNIB, his charity's
200,000 pound contribution and that of the RNID will enable the organisations
to influence the development of the new technology. As well as potentially benefiting
those with sensory impairments FASiL is aimed at a number of industries including
the automotive industry for in-car use; call centres; and banks.
Though the project is not intended to produce a product ready for commercial
release, the commercial partners are hoping to market the technology at some
stage. Gladstone said the RNIB would aim to ensure any commercial outcome also
caters for the needs of visually impaired people.
11. BERLITZ TALKS ON MOBILE
PHONES
Bloomberg News
December 3, 2002
http://www.broward.com/mld/browardherald/business/national/4651707.htm
PRINCETON, NJ - Berlitz International and closely held Airborne
Entertainment agreed to offer language and culture lessons over mobile telephones.
Financial terms of the deal weren't disclosed. Mobile-phone users will be able
to receive alerts for words and phrases, cultural tips and travel information
adapted from Berlitz's pocket guides, the Princeton-based company said.
Lessons in French, Italian, German and Spanish will be available immediately
to wireless-phone customers of Verizon Communications, Berlitz spokeswoman Tammy
Palazzo said. The company is using the lessons primarily to build awareness
of its brand, she said.
Verizon customers will pay 2 cents per message received or sent, $2.99 for 100
messages or $7.99 for 600, said Verizon spokesman Jeffrey Nelson. Airborne,
which distributes games and entertainment over wireless phones, provides Verizon
with sports scores from The Associated Press' AP Digital news service and 20
types of alerts from Airborne's Pocket Box Office.
Airborne expects to add other carriers for the Berlitz lessons in coming months,
President Andy Nulman said, adding that AT&T, Cingular Wireless and Sprint have
the telephone-alert systems used for the lessons. Berlitz is owned by Benesse
Corp., a Japanese educational-services company.
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| NOTABLE CASES:/ LEGISLATION |
1. E-GOVERNMENT ACT OF 2002
President Signs E-Government Act
White House Press Release
December 17, 2002
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/12/20021217-5.html
On December 17, 2002, the President signed into law H.R. 2458, the "E-Government
Act of 2002." This legislation builds upon the Administration's expanding E-Government
initiative by ensuring strong leadership of the information technology activities
of Federal agencies, a comprehensive framework for information security standards
and programs, and uniform safeguards to protect the confidentiality of information
provided by the public for statistical purposes. The Act will also assist in
expanding the use of the Internet and computer resources in order to deliver
Government services, consistent with the reform principles I outlined on July
10, 2002, for a citizen-centered, results-oriented, and market-based Government.
CNET Article
December 17, 2002
http://news.com.com/2100-1023-978297.html
The E-Government Act of 2002 is intended to foster more effective and efficient
electronic communication among government agencies and with government employees
and the public. The bill creates an Office of Information, within the Office
of Management and Budget, which is directed by a federal chief information officer.
Groups such as the Information Technology Association of America supported the
bill and said its passage relatively soon after the September 11 attacks--which
highlighted breakdowns in government systems--was coincidental. The bill also
won support from privacy groups, which typically are opposed to measures that
facilitate greater and easier gathering and sharing of personal information
among government agencies.
From ITTATC:
Important provisions of the Act--
(e) The Administrator shall work with the Administrator of the Office of Information
and Regulatory Affairs and with other offices within the Office of Management
and Budget to oversee implementation of electronic Government under this chapter,
chapter 35, the E-Government Act of 2002, and other relevant statutes, in a
manner consistent with law, relating to--
(6) accessibility of information technology for persons with disabilities; and
(13) Assist Federal agencies, including the General Services Administration,
the Department of Justice, and the United States Access Board in--
(A) implementing accessibility standards under section 508 of the Rehabilitation
Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794d)
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1. FCC
- CONSUMER & GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS
BUREAU ANNOUNCES AN EXTENSION OF TIME TO FILE REPLY COMMENTS ON THE TELEPHONE
CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT (TCPA) RULES
December 20, 2002
http://www.fcc.gov/
Reply Comments Date: January 31, 2003
On September 18, 2002, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released
a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) and Memorandum Opinion and Order (MO&O)
seeking comment on whether it should revise any of its rules that restrict telemarketing
calls and unsolicited faxes and, if so, how. When the NPRM was released, the
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) had proposed a number of amendments to its Telemarketing
Sales Rule, but had not yet adopted rules based on its proposal. The NPRM noted
that the FCC has the option to seek further comment to fully address the interplay
between final FTC action and possible Commission action. On December 18, 2002,
the FTC released an order establishing a national do-not-call registry and making
other changes to its Telemarketing Sales Rule.
To ensure that all interested parties have ample opportunity to comment on possible
FCC action in light of the FTC’s recent order, the Consumer & Governmental Affairs
Bureau (CGB) issues this Public Notice to extend the reply comment period until
January 31, 2003. Comments should be filed consistent with the instructions
provided in the NPRM, although commenters need only file comments in CG Docket
02-278.
TO SUBMIT COMMENTS:
ADDRESSES: Parties who choose to file comment by paper must file an original
and four copies to the Commission's Secretary, Marlene H. Dortch, Office of
the Secretary, Federal Communications Commission, 445 12th Street, SW., Room
TW-A325, Washington, DC 20554. Comments may also be filed using the Commission's
Electronic Filing System, which can be accessed via the Internet at www.fcc.gov/e-file/ecfs.html.
In addition to filing comments with the Secretary, a copy of any comments on
the information collections contained herein should be submitted to Les Smith,
Federal Communications Commission, Room 1-A804, 445 12th Street, SW., Washington,
DC 20554, or via the Internet to lesmith@fcc.gov
and to Kim A. Johnson, OMB Desk Officer, Room 10236 NEOB, 725 17th Street, NW.,
Washington, DC, 20503 or via the Internet to Kim--A.-- Johnson@omb.eop.gov.
For further information, contact Erica H. McMahon or Richard D. Smith, Policy
Division, Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau, at (202) 418-2512.
- REQUEST FOR EXEMPTION FROM FCC’S
CLOSED CAPTIONING RULES
December 24, 2002
http://www.fcc.gov/
Coastal Sportsman filed a petition for exemption from the closed captioning
requirements, pursuant to Section 79.1 of the Commission’s rules, 47 C.F.R.
§ 79.1. The television program Coastal Sportsman is aired on The Outdoor Channel.
Petitioner claims that compliance would impose an undue burden, as defined in
Section 79.1(f) of the Commission’s rules, 47 C.F.R. § 79.1(f).
Comments and oppositions are due within 30 days from the date of this public
notice. Petitioner’s reply is due 20 days thereafter. Please place the case
identifier, CSR 6052, on all filings.
The petition is available for public inspection in the Commission’s Reference
Information Center:
445 12th Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20554
202-418-7092
The petition is also available to individuals with disabilities requiring accessible
formats (electronic ASCII text, Braille, large print, and audiocassette) by
contacting Brian Millin at (202) 418-7426 (Voice), (202) 418- 7365 (TTY), or
by sending an email to bmillin@fcc.gov.
- FCC ANNOUNCES RECHARTERING OF CONSUMER
ADVISORY COMMITTEE (CAC)
December 31, 2002
http://www.fcc.gov/
In this Public Notice, the Federal Communications Commission (“Commission”)
seeks nominations for membership on its Consumer Advisory Committee (“Committee”),
a federal advisory committee that addresses consumer issues within the jurisdiction
of the Commission (formerly known as the Consumer/Disability Telecommunications
Advisory Committee). Applications should be submitted in accordance with the
procedures outlined below.
The Commission established the Committee in November 2000 for the purpose of
making recommendations regarding consumer issues within the jurisdiction of
the Commission and to facilitate the participation of consumers (including people
with disabilities and underserved populations, such as American Indians and
persons living in rural areas) in proceedings before the Commission. See Public
Notice (rel. Nov. 30, 2000), 15 FCC Rcd 23798, as published in the Federal Register
(65 FR 76265, Dec. 6, 2000). On November 20, 2002, the initial Charter of the
Committee terminated. The Charter was renewed for another two (2) year term,
and the name of the Committee was changed to the Consumer Advisory Committee
to better reflect its mandate and activities. The Committee is organized under,
and will operate in accordance with, the provisions of the Federal Advisory
Committee Act, 5 U.S.C. App. 2 (1988).
MEMBERSHIP
The Commission seeks applications from interested organizations, from both the
public and private sectors, that wish to be considered for membership on the
Committee. Selections will be made on the basis of factors such as expertise
and diversity of viewpoints that are necessary to address effectively the questions
before the Committee.
Applicants should be recognized experts in their fields, including, but not
limited to, consumer advocacy, disabilities, underserved populations (e.g.,
persons living in rural areas and tribal communities), telecommunications infrastructure
and equipment, telecommunications services (including wireless), and broadcast/cable
services.
The number of Committee members will be established to effectively accomplish
the Committee’s work. Organizations with similar interests are encouraged to
nominate one person to represent their interests.
Members must be willing to commit to a two-year term of service, should be willing
and able to attend three (3) one-day meetings per year in Washington, D.C.,
and are also expected to participate in deliberations of at least one working
group. The Commission is unable to pay per diem or travel costs.
APPLICATIONS FOR MEMBERSHIP/DEADLINE
Applications should be received by the Commission no later than January 31,
2003, and should be sent to the Federal Communications Commission, Consumer
& Governmental Affairs Bureau, Attn.: Scott Marshall, via e-mail at cac@fcc.gov,
via facsimile at 202-418-6509, or via U.S. mail at 445 12th Street, S.W., Room
5A824, Washington, D.C. 20554.
A specified application form is not required. However, applications should include
the name of the organization, the representative’s name, the name of an alternate
representative, title, address and telephone number, a statement of the interests
represented and the issues of interest to the applicant, and a detailed description
of the applicant's knowledge and qualifications to serve on the Committee. The
application should further be supported by a statement indicating a willingness
to serve on the Committee for a two year period of time; a commitment to attend
three (3) one-day meetings per year in Washington, D.C. at the applicant’s own
expense; and a commitment to work on at least one working group. Members will
have an initial and continuing obligation to disclose any interests in, or connections
to, persons or entities that are, or will be, regulated by or have interests
before the Commission.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT: Scott Marshall, Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau, Federal Communications
Commission, 202-418-2809 (voice) or 202-418-0179 (TTY), smarshal@fcc.gov
(e-mail).
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1. SECTION 508 AWARENESS
CD
http://www.section508.gov/508awareness/
The Section 508 Awareness CD is now available online. This
CD contains general Section 508 information for all employees, as well as a
self-test and copies of the statute, accessibility standards, and relevant sections
of the FAR.
This program was designed to provide you an overview of section 508 and how
it affects you. It consists of three lessons, an Awareness Self-Assessment to
check your understanding, and References. We recommend that you go through the
lessons in order, then take the self-assessment.
Access the URL to learn more, as well as to download the CD.
2. LINKS TO FEDERAL AGENCY
PUBLIC URL'S ON SECTION 508 GUIDANCE
http://www.section508.gov/index.cfm?FuseAction=Content&ID=131
Links to Federal Agency Public URL's on Section 508 Guidance
is available online.
3. FEATURE HELPS PEOPLE WHO
ARE BLIND OR VISUALLY IMPAIRED ENJOY TELEVISION PROGRAMS
Panasonic Continues Expansion of Easy SAP Access on Remote
Controls for Television and Video Products
www.panasonic.com/accessibility
Panasonic is continuing expansion of its single-button SAP (Second Audio Program)
access feature, conveniently located on the remote controls of the majority
of the company's television and video products. The SAP broadcast helps people
who are blind or visually impaired enjoy television programs. The SAP function
button is consistently located in the upper right hand corner of most Panasonic
TV remote controls and is tactilely distinguished by three raised dots on the
button surface. In 2002, Panasonic featured the easy-access SAP button on the
remote controls of 46 different products, and will continue to incorporate this
helpful feature in the remote controls of most 2003 stereo televisions, VCRs,
combo products, (televisions with built-in VCRs, DVD players, or both) and DVD/VCR
combos.
Television broadcasters use the SAP channel to simultaneously broadcast a second
audio program * either a second language or video description service * which
can be accessed from a television tuner. The video description service uses
a narrator to describe a program's action and key visual elements, such as a
character's movements, clothes, or body language, allowing people who are blind
or visually impaired to enjoy more of the presentation's content. The descriptive
voice-over is inserted in natural pauses in the program so as not to interfere
with dialogue, music and sound effects. Many movies and TV programs are described,
primarily as a result of the efforts of WGBH's National Center for Accessible
Media, which developed Descriptive Video Service*.
Although most stereo TV tuners are capable of decoding SAP (mono tuners are
not capable of decoding SAP), many require users to access the TV's different
audio settings via an on-screen menu display, something that is difficult if
not impossible for people who are blind or visually impaired. Panasonic's single-button
SAP access design allows users to easily toggle back and forth between a broadcast's
regular audio channel and the SAP audio channel, without having to navigate
a visual, on-screen menu.
Panasonic's commitment to accessibility for consumers with disabilities is a
natural extension of the business philosophy created by Konosuke Matsushita,
founder of parent company Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Ltd. He believed
that a company is indebted to the society in which it operates, and is therefore
responsible for giving back to the community. The benefits of technology should
be readily available and abundant for all to enjoy. "We have been actively working
on accessibility issues since 1990, and although there is still plenty of room
for improvement, we are pleased with our progress so far," said Eugene Seagriff,
Product Accessibility Manager for Panasonic.
Seagriff noted that amendments to Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, put
into effect June 25, 2001, encouraged Panasonic and other manufacturers and
marketers of computers, audio, video, and document imaging products, and telecommunications
equipment to increase their focus on accessible products. Section 508 is a federal
procurement regulation requiring U.S. government agencies to buy electronic
and information technology products that are accessible to persons with disabilities.
"Panasonic is very committed to helping the federal government comply with Section
508," commented Seagriff. "Features like Panasonic's SAP access button make
our products the obvious choice in federal procurement."
Panasonic was the first to incorporate many accessibility features in its products.
A few examples of products that have been enthusiastically received by people
with disabilities are Panasonic cordless phones with Talking Caller ID, the
Workio* line of multi-function, network-ready digital imaging products * which
are wheelchair-accessible even with the finishing units installed, and the Allure*
Wireless phone * the first TTY-compatible* wireless phone. Matsushita's Universal
Design program helps ensure that accessibility and compatibility issues are
kept in mind at every opportunity during the design process, promoting the development
of new accessibility features and products each year.
Information about Panasonic accessibility programs and products is available
at www.panasonic.com/accessibility.
Consumers may contact Panasonic by e-mail at consumerproducts@panasonic.com,
by phone at 800-211-7262 or by TTY* at 877-833-8855.
4. PANASONIC INTRODUCES MORE
ACCESSIBILITY FEATURES IN ITS 2003 CORDLESS TELEPHONE LINE
www.panasonic.com/accessibility
Panasonic announces the expansion of accessibility features
throughout its 2003 cordless telephone line. The company was recently honored
by the Consumer Electronics Association's Innovations Award program for its
model KX-TG2258S digital cordless telephone in the new Accessibility category.
The phone includes several innovative features that assist people who are hearing
impaired, visually impaired or blind.
The Innovations Award winning model KX-TG2258S and other Panasonic 2003 digital
cordless phone models feature Talking Caller ID. Used in conjunction with the
Caller ID* service that may be available through the local telephone company,
this feature enables users to hear who is calling before they even pick up the
phone. True text-to-speech software converts the incoming Caller ID data into
sound, enabling the phone to actually speak the name of the party calling. The
audible announcement is heard through a speakerphone on the handset as well
as on the base unit, so users can hear who is calling anywhere they take the
phone. There's no need for consumers to refer to the LCD, which also displays
the caller's name and number, if they have difficulty reading the screen or
if they have their hands full.
"Previously, this feature was available only on top-of-the-line cordless phones,
" said Frank Lasorsa, Group Merchandising Manager for Panasonic's Communications/Home
Office Products Division. "This year, it is featured in products starting at
a suggested retail price of $79.95**."
To make telephone conversations easier to hear and understand, Panasonic's exclusive
Voice Enhancer Technology analyzes the incoming speech signal and recreates
most of the upper and lower frequency bands that are typically lost over normal
telephone transmission. The recreation of more of the whole spectrum of the
human voice improves audibility and voice quality. This feature is found in
many Panasonic cordless phone models in the new 2003 line.
"In addition to the long range and excellent clarity offered by our cordless
phones, we are very happy to announce that our 2003 line includes more innovative
accessibility features in more models," said Lasorsa.
Other innovative features that are found throughout Panasonic's line are:
- Slow Talk (in models that include digital answering systems): Allows playback
of messages left on an answering machine at 30% slower than normal speed,
without changing the pitch of the voice.
- Handset locator: To help one find a misplaced handset, just push a button
on the base unit and the handset will beep.
- Beep alert: The handset beeps when properly placed in its cradle for recharging.
- Buttons that are differentiated by size, shape and tactile marks, to make
it easier to recognize and use features such as speed dial and redial.
- Visual ring indicator: An indicator lights up when the phone rings.
- Handset speakerphone: A speakerphone conveniently located on the handset
enables users to conduct multiple-party conversations anywhere they take the
handset.
- Lighted keypad: Provides enhanced visibility of the phone's buttons.
- Headset jack: Can be used to connect assistive listening devices.
TTY compatibility: TTYs, or tele-typewriters, are used by people who are deaf
or hearing impaired to make and receive calls on their home phones. Users type
their messages on a device which turns the letters into electrical signals for
transmission over phone wires. When the signals reach their destination, they
are converted back into letters, which appear on a display screen. This feature
is also found in Panasonic's Allure* phone, the first TTY-compatible wireless
telephone.
- Any Button Answer: To answer the phone, the user can push any keypad button
on the handset without having to search for the "Talk" button.
- Large buttons: Model KX-TG2208B features large buttons on the handset that
are twice the size of conventional keypad buttons found on cordless phones.
5. TECH ALMANAC
www.tech-amanac.com
Tech Almanac is what government and systems integrator buyers
use to keep up-to-date on the latest technology tools and where to get them.
Tech Almanac is packed with information on everything from enterprise software
development to systems integration, plus the professional services that support
government. Published in May, your message in Tech Almanac will reach 30,000
government IT buyers and solutions buyers in time to impact their decisions
throughout the year. This targeted circulation is comprised of a select list
from Government Computer News and Washington Technology magazines' BPA-audited
subscribers.
For more information, please contact Sharon Somers at 202.772.5701 or ssomers@postnewsweektech.com
or visit the TechAlmanac website: www.tech-amanac.com
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Welcome to the distribution list for ACCESS E and IT NEWS…Promoting
Accessible Information Technology and Telecommunications…e-news from the Information
Technology Technical Assistance and Training Center (ITTATC).
We welcome your suggestions and submissions, please e-mail all communications
to Michael Morris, Program Associate for ITTATC with the Law, Health Policy
and Disability Center, The University of Iowa College of Law, at mmorris@ncbdc.org.
This is a one-way list, so please do not reply to this e-mail.
You can unsubscribe at anytime by sending a message to ITTATC-News-Request@lister.crt.gatech.edu.
In the subject line, place "unsubscribe".
Similarly, anyone can subscribe to the newsletter by sending a message to the
same address by placing "subscribe" in the subject line.
Feel free to visit the ITTATC website at http://www.ittatc.org.
Past copies of ITTATC Newsletters will be archived on the ITTATC Website.
This is a publication of the Information Technology Technical Assistance and
Training Center (ITTATC) which is funded by the National Institute on
Disability and Rehabilitation Research of the U.S. Department of Education
under grant number H133A000405. The opinions contained in this publication
do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Education.
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